Fujiko Nakaya

Fujiko Nakaya (born 1933, Sapporo, Japan) is the world's foremost fog sculptor. Trained as a painter at Northwestern University, she pivoted to atmospheric art in 1970 when she wrapped the Pepsi Pavilion at Osaka's Expo '70 in mist. Since then, her fog installations have transformed spaces at the Guggenheim Bilbao, Tate Modern, and Centre Pompidou. The daughter of pioneering snow physicist Ukichiro Nakaya, she approaches nature not as scenery but as collaborator — her sculptures are shaped by wind, humidity, and temperature rather than the artist's hand.